书自识之正意(第1页)
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凡之为人者,每所见他人之过错,往往一见如是,由为己之所误而少见者也。其或目之所见,也仅寻常之外在,何论其心几何?即人之有过错,必先视其心,观乎内外之变,为之而改,乃有成效!人人皆知我有缺点,而少为改之,或终生而持其弊,此知人者智,不知己者愚也。若论予行世之间,观乎天下之所变,时有议论所,每尝与友论诸事谈其人,无不觉我有理也。即友之所论,予常默立而思之,然大多之时视乎其无理也。盖予与友论之交,皆少未读书之士,故陈乎道理也亦常人所见,少能切中事理之言者也。予旧日持见,而意甚高,自以为予所目见者皆理也。然为人之智,应时而变,以新我观旧我,实惭惭而自悔矣。
夫处世以来,予多为生计而苦,此亦为社会之自困,亦自我所图闲逸而不思勤俭,故三岁以得此,更何况受一女子而所伤,乃有今日所令人不耻之境遇也。即考予之弊病可谓多矣。予近日以来,多为悔恨,其之大多乃故人,又之所悔者乃父母为我而伤。时父母为我聘之一妇,奈何非予之欢,而此女又非贤良淑德之人,故相处半月予决然而断,而母多为其所伤也。父母多喜此女,意欲为我之妻,为我家之妇,我二者时有矛盾所生,皆母亲所调解,奈何有缘无分,随即而分。父母闻多罪我,“此好女为汝所求,奈何奈何而弃乎?”予知父母之心,即来之过往俱陈之,而终绝父母心思。虽我有憾,但予深知此女不可为我妻也。若依之,必遗祸于後人也。即思之此事,而观乎少小及今者,予不孝可谓至极也。少小不学,为游戏而度日,及长,又厌社会之艰难,而不欲出世就职,思之思之,廿五之年,无一时不为父母之所忧也。予之下贱於此,予之不孝於此,纵书千百文章,有何用哉!必要愤为其事,得其财,使父母悦,上不辱刘氏门楣,下能令己安容,为人之世莫不如是也。
予二十日与故人书绝情之言,後意图自振,奈何因情之伤,日夜为其难受,时或察其近况,予心甚痛,然久久如此,焉能为何?夫大丈夫当以天下而立志,岂可时时为一女子而伤乎?此我之所伤应是止矣。夫春秋悲度,历来为之常事,久久而伤,岂我乃无用之人乎?为子者当图大事者也。即予察我之弊,而书其笔端,令时时而见,时时而改,此予之所以报父母,而不使我没先人之门第也。予先世自湖广移川以来,已两三百余年,分家众多,予之一脉自高祖以下,分三子,祖父为遗腹子,年最幼,先是勤田为生,後习作商贩,渐为家,继而母亲聘为刘氏妇,与父君操业在外,予与幼弟留守家中,至乎戊戌年,始有积累,又予之三姨娘购房于江渝,而母意为所争也。予母生性刚强,为一女子之躯而为予家殚精竭虑,无一刻不为子虑、为子所忧,予与胞弟何时能报父母之恩乎?乙亥年,予实习於渝北,因处职贱而日日不悦,父母因择四五处不得满意,遂国庆之时三人意悦于九龙坡龙门也。自此,定居于江渝之地。遥想当时之际,祖父从农村而至镇,父母从镇而至渝,若予与弟何为哉!今我之无用也。无一职能安父母之心,无一妻而使父母所乐,我之无能竟然於此,予不配为刘氏孙,不配为我父母子,书之于此,莫不敢言矣。
思今之处事,乃勤以职业而得其财,其读书求学亦随步而行,加或於静养身心,使精神充足,少其疲倦之态也。予自少年略知性事,故有自慰之事,而今未所绝也。由今之革弊,为去之,及世之娱乐所乱心者皆为罢之。今之短视频、音乐、资讯皆为无用之物,予受困惑甚多,而日为其所扰,即今皆去之,纵再有心思亦为绝也。今世娱乐之氛围,令人欲欲而不醒,予心早已沉醉久久,思少小至今皆为欲心所误,此今焉可再为?事不可一而再二,事二而再三,而变本加厉是也。今人大多之所以无成就,乃多为外在所诱,而本心尽皆所蒙尘也。夫心有灰尘,则时时而勤扫,乃无失为人之根本也。予失根本可谓久矣。思却前景之所事,感念二十余年之际遇,与意为所悲欢,皆无用之愁思也。为人当则重己,以修身齐家治国平天下为之业。今天下之间,氓民无以论之政,虽为太平康乐之世,然为民亦忧愁也。既理政所不能为之事,而专乎于修身齐家也。此予之所持念也。世之所谓昭昭昏昏,与我一贫民亦作何干?自有高士者以报君王之厚恩,使我华夏立足于世界之林,使我华夏一族为世界民族之最矣。
忆昔乙亥十月定房,由是建,越明年视之未成,辛丑三月为其饰,八月乃成,十月选购家俱、电器,自此而定居,予漂泊流离之感从此绝矣。父母为我兄弟择一屋,期我兄弟有能,我二人迟迟未能报也。弟居校读书,尚不能为兴,而予不同,出世三年几於无得,此使父母而绝望,不为所乐也。予真不知为何处世如此之难,莫非真真我无能矣。即今之所目,寻其职而暂谋可一食,其时尽为读书之业也。而身之所弊者,其在外形之修正也。予数年来多熬夜,致使容颜憔悴,而焦虑思事过多,老态已临,又为驼背近视,此亦非人之所见者也。即除熬夜,近视所不能复,而驼背之态可日渐渐可原状者也。加或以肥胖,又肚大,当痛下功夫减之,外之体貌如之二,此花时必可能行也。然心之所病,非良药所不能治,必时之所久乃能愈也。
心病者,则情也。情不知所起,而一往情深,此古今有情之人俱为伤也。余为故人女所扰心,一时而难忘矣。依予之计,三岁遂可亡其思也。此予绝不同他人所持念之一二也。他人为情而为之伤、而为之泣,然予借此而破情关。夫人者,以情为所悲欢,予因亲尝情爱之苦,意欲破情而观天下夫妻之体,此我问道而为之始也。学人探道明理,各有路径;文家书其文呈之意,史家书其史扬之事,哲家书其理论之道,数家观乎术,物理家察其世,天文家见之星,其学者甚多,学问之广而未之能尽,而我今生之业,乃治人。学者究其物,较之人,因实而致虚道。虽道之所在,然为之虚也。其虚亦实也。予观宇宙成形以来,江海之广,然无一物令我所动心也。予之所惑者,乃人也。人之善恶,百代故事而陈其书,予处事廿五年来,仍不知为人且何物。故藉故人之一事,思人性之谛,以窥天地於我人之道也。世间学者多是治术而欲闻天道,然予之道求其人者也。人之为人,孰为人乎?
昔我夫子言“见贤思齐焉,见不贤而内自省矣。”此予少年所读之格言,一朝忘却,今又浮上心间,其圣人之教诲,吾不能守其教,由至今之处境,此我之愚蠢也。自昨日罗列群籍,见各书散在沙、茶几之上,不啻望书而长叹矣。予自庚子年始购书,至今三岁,存书三百余本,然无一书而尽读,无一书而细看,今书而聚,耻之耻也。予何时何地所不能读书,盖无心是也。明知予之志业乃文献所在,而不图之,偏自为乐,耗时度日意为之,此何为乎?此予之下贱也。书不能闻,家不能以净,予居家时至於四十天,为之何?为之何?我大悔,我大恨,我恨我有其心而不为其学,我悔我有时而尽为俗思所扰,其何哉!其何哉!人之一世,本就短暂,不欲学之,而不能明道理,谈何以事孝父母,以慰妻子,此今我必愤攻读存世之籍,以期圣人之道也。
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