第四十八章 治道运行诸产得宜皆有法式(第1页)
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学室内。
令史昌正肃然的介绍着秦律体系。
“大秦自商君变法以来,已形成十分完备的‘以吏为师,以法为教’的教习体系,但秦律体系非是学室教习的这么肤浅。”
“完整的体系可分为五个范畴。”
“‘律’、‘令’、‘式’、‘课’、‘廷行事’。”
“律指秦律。”
“这部分主要是商君变法时制定的。”
“很多你们都已知晓。”
“目前大秦推行的秦律大体有三十余种。”
“务农要遵循《田律》,饲养牲畜要遵循《厩苑律》,储存粮食要遵循《仓律》,从军要遵循《军爵律》,经商要遵循《金布律》、《关市律》,吏员要遵循《置吏律》、《除吏律》等等。”
“令指特定事件临时布的命令。”
“当年商君变法时急需开垦农田,就曾公布过‘垦草令’、‘为田开阡陌令’、‘兴徭令’等等。”
“这些命令大多只适用一段时间。”
“不过也并非没有固定下来的,固定下来的这类律条以往是被称为‘命’或者‘令’,但天下一统之后,统称为‘制’。”
“至于‘式’。”
“这部分是我学室主讲的。”
“主要包含的有调查、勘验、审讯、查封等内容,你们主要学的是相关法律文书的格式,主要是《封诊式》和《治狱程式》。”
“其次是法律解释。”
“这主要依据的是《法律问答》,不过这是法官需要理解的,与你们的关系不大,若是你们今后成为法官,《法律问答》必须聊熟于心,随问随答。”
“最后是法律文告。”
“这是各级地方官在自己管理的郡县内布的文告,这些文告都是地方性的法规,并不会记入秦律,但你等今后为地方官员,却是要对其有所了解。”
“‘课’为考核。”
“‘程’为规格。”
“‘廷行事’为各地郡县官府确定并实施的案例判决。”
“正是因为这些完备的律令体系,才使得大秦在各个方面都能有法可依,成功的做到了‘治道运行,诸产得宜,皆有法式’。”
“端平法度,万物之纪!!!”
“你们作为史子,需要学习的东西有很多,有的并不是仅靠在学室就能掌握了解的,有时是需要深入到地方,才能真正体会得到律令的严谨和重要。”
“这堂课你们继续仿写《封诊式》。”
“下堂课,我会带你们去狱衙,让你们去体验《封诊式》上写的全部过程,让你们提前感受一下‘试为吏’的阶段。”
“现在你们继续仿写吧。”
令史昌轻咳一声,曲腿坐了下去,看起了今年正月(十月),御史府刚更新的新律令。
秦落衡等人则老实抄起了文书。
不过。
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